Many slaves avoided traveling because they dreaded capture and punishment. No passenger was lost, but Tubman had to make sure none turned back in fright for fear of being tortured for Railroad intelligence.
Tubeman befriended several abolitionists, including Frederick Douglass and John Brown, who led the 1859 Harpers Ferry attack. Her friends were Susan B. Anthony, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Harriet Beecher Stowe.
Congress approved the Fugitive Slave Act on Sept. 18, 1850, forcing slaves to be returned to their masters even in free states. This move inspired Tubman and others to help people escape to Canada, which had passed the Slavery Abolition Act in 1834.
Through 19 trips over ten years, Tubman freed over 300 slaves. When the Civil War began, Tubman helped. She helped Union military planning by sharing Underground Railroad town and transportation information. As a spy, she dressed as an old woman and walked the Confederate-controlled neighborhoods to chat to enslaved people and learn military positions and supply lines. They found food, shelter, and work in the North with her guidance.
Tubman attacked many plantations with Colonel James Montgomery using her information. Over 700 slaves were rescued, hurting the Confederate economy. Many joined the Union army.
While nursing, Tubman supported the Union troops. Tubman worked for little or no pay during the war because women couldn't enlist. Her service pension came in 1899.
Tubman fought for her beliefs after the war. She was a suffragist who helped the recently released. On March 10, 1913, Tubman died of pneumonia and was buried at Auburn, N.Y., with military honors.
he U.S. Mint released the expected Harriet Tubman commemorative coins in 2024. After the Civil War, Tubman looks ahead on the $5 gold coin's obverse. Tubman helped others throughout her life, as shown on the reverse by two arms clutching one other. Tubman's basic principles are “FAITH,” “FREEDOM,” “FAMILY,” “COMMUNITY,” “SELF-DETERMINATION,” “SOCIAL JUSTICE,” and “EQUALITY.”
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